Evaluation of Some Physical Charactistics of Bottled Drinking Water Samples Circulating in Sebha City-Libya
Article Sidebar
-
Bottled Drinking Water, Electrical Conductivity, Surface Tension, Turbidity, Water Quality Index
Abstract
This study was conducted on some brands of bottled drinking water circulating in the local market of Sebha city. The study included 11 samples of locally produced and imported. A number of physical properties such as density, surface tension, viscosity, electrical conductivity, refractive index, turbidity and PH were evaluated. The results of physical parameters of the bottled water samples were compared with the values labeled in the bottles. Some of the parameters such as electrical conductivity, turbidity, are either not labeled at all or labeled only in few brands of bottled water. The turbidity results showed that 55% was totally free from plankton, and PH values were within the limits permitted by World Health Organization (WHO). As for the surface tension values, they have increased significantly compared to the standard value of the surface tension of water. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there is a perfect positive correlation between the electrical conductivity and the total dissolved solids as well as a significant positive correlation between surface tension and density. According to the weighted arithmetic water quality index, 46% of the samples were in excellent water quality. In comparison to the specifications of bottled drinking water issued by the National Center for Standards and Metrology, the World Health Organization, and international bottled water association (IBWA) the brands of bottled drinking water produced locally in Libya and the imported brands included in this study achieved a good level of quality in all physical parameters.
Full text article
References
1- العدواني، علي. 2015.مياه الشرب المعبأة النمو المتسارع في السوق العالمية، مجلة علوم وتكنولوجيا، معهد الكويت للأبحاث العلمية العدد (240): 38—43.
2- المواصفة الليبية القياسية،2016 (م. م، ق. ل 10) المركز الوطني للمواصفات والمعايير القيسية الإصدار الثاني.
3- الأميري نجله. عصام علي، الشطي، مصباح. 2013. تقييم نوعية مياه الشرب المعبأة المحلية والمستوردة المعروضة في محافظة البصرة لأغراض الشرب، مجلة البصرة للعلوم الزراعية، المجلد 26 (1):387-400.
4- -ادبأرة، أزهار، الكيلاني، رفيق. السيد، جمعة.2019 تقييم جودة المياه المعبأة الليبية والمستوردة في بعض المناطق الغربية (ليبيا)، المؤتمر لثان للعلوم الهندسية والتقنية، جامعة صبر أته. CESTO2-228
[5]-Semerjian, L. A. 2011. Quality assessment of various bottled waters marketed in Lebanon, Environ.Monit Assess 172,275–285.
[6]-Rabee,A.M., Emran,F.K., Hassoon,H.A.,andAl-Dhamin,A.S2012.Evaluation of the Physco-chemical Properties and Microbiological Content of Some Brands of Bottled Water in Baghdad, Iraqi ,ABR (Advances in Bioresearch)Society of Education.Volume 3(4)109-115.
[7]-Ezeldin, M.2016Some Physicochemical Charactistics of Bottled Drinking Water Samples,American Journal of Chemistry.6(1): 12-17.
[8]-Salih, N.M.,Zana HG.Ahmad and Zhino K. Muhammad 2015.Study of some PhysicocamicalParametersof Plastic BottledDrinkingWater from different sources (Manufactured Brands) in Kurdistan Region-Iraqi,International Journal of Plant, Animal and EnvironmentalSciences.Volume-5, Issue-4,pp. 129-133.
[9]-Michalski,R., Jabłońska,M.,Szopa,S., andŁyko,A.2018 Analysis of commercially available bottled water in Poland.Environmental Engineering and Management Journal.Vol.17, No. 7, 1667-1677
[10]-Janan,J.T., Rezan S.A.,and Zhakaw K.A.,2013. Application of Water Quality Index for Assessment Water Quality in Some Bottled Water Erbil City,KurdistanRegion, Iraq Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology Volume 4, Issue 4, PP 128-134
[11]-ElisabetY., Feleke,Z., and Bhagwan,S.C.2019. Assessmentof the Quality of Bottled Water Marketed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 33(1), 21-41.
[12]-Bhavin,D.2019.Textbook of physical chemistry practices. Lab Lambert Academic Publishing, pp.122-137
[13]-Cibulka, I. 1993.Saturated liquid densities of I-alkanols fromC1toC10and n-alkanes fromC5toC16: critical evaluation of experimental data. Fluid Phase Equilibria 89, 1-18
[14]-Lide, D.R.; Kehiaian, H.V. (1994): CRCHandbook of Thermophysical and Thermochemical Data. CRC Press, Boca Raton.p:203 &p:409
[15]-Thakur,M.,and Wadhwa,H.2017. Experimenting with stalagmometer and viscometer onday to day drinking liquids, International Journal of Applied Research; 3(7): 478-481
[16]-Atekwanaa, E.A., Estella, A., Roweb, R.S., Werkema Jr., Dale, D., andLegalld, F.D. (2004). The relationship of total dissolved solids measurements to bulk electric conductivity in an aquifer contaminated with hydrocarbon. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 56(4): 281-294.
[17]-Thirumalini,S.,and Kurian,J2009Correlation between electrical conductivity and total dissolvedsolids in natural waters, Malaysian J. Sci. 28 55-61.
[18]-Mcneil, V.H.,andCox, M.E. (2000). Relationship between conductivity and analyzed composition in a large set of natural surface water samples, Queensland, Australia. Environmental Geology,39: 1325-1333
[19]-Hp Technical Assistance (1999).Understanding electrical conductivity, hydrology project, World Bank & Government of the Netherlands funded, New Delhi, India : 30pp.
[20]-APHA: American Public Health Association (2017). Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, 23rd., Washington DC, USA.
[21]-Upadhyay,M.,andLego,S.2017.Refractive Index of Acetone-Water mixture at different concentrationAmerican International Journal of Research in Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, 20(1). pp. 77-79
[22]-Sadar, M.J.1998.Turbidity Science; Technical Information Series, Booklet 11; Hach Company:Loveland, CO, USA.pp 7-12
[23]-Afrin,R.,andChowdhury,R.S.2017. Environmental Engineering-LabI Lab Manual,Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, pp. 7-21
[24]-Karastogianni,S.,Girousi,S.,and Sotiropoulos,S.2016. PH: Principles and Measurement, TheEncyclopedia of Food and Health.vol. 4, pp. 333-338
[25]-Paun,L.,Cruceru,L.V.,Chiriac,F.L.,and Niculescu,M.2016.Water Quality Indices Methods for Evaluating the Quality of DrinkingWater,, INCD ECOIND –International Symposium–SIMI:pp.395-402
[26]-Bousalah,S.,Lakhdar,D.,andLarbi,H.2017. Water quality index assessment of KoudiatMedouar Reservoir, northeast Algeria usingweighted arithmetic index method,Journalof Water and Land Development.No. 35 (X–XII): 221–228.
[27]-Chandra,D.S.,Asadi,S.,andRaju, M.V.2017. Estimation ofWater Quality Indexby Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality IndexMethod:A model Study,CivilInternational Journal ofEngineering and Technology (IJCIET), Volume 8, Issue 4, :pp. 1215–1222.
[28]-IBWA International Bottled Water Association, Alexandria, 2004.VA 22314.
[29]-WHO: WorldHealth Organization (1998). Guidelines for drinking water qualitysecondEdition. Volume2 p .2-94.Geneva.
[30]-WHO: World Health Organization (2017). Guidelines for drinking water quality Fourth Edition.pp.226a-228.
Authors
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In a brief statement, the rights relate to the publication and distribution of research published in the journal of the University of Sebha where authors who have published their articles in the journal of the university of Sebha should how they can use or distribute their articles. They reserve all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:
- Copyright and other property rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- Research published in the journal of the University of Sebha and used in its future works, including lectures and books, the right to reproduce articles for their own purposes, and the right to self-archive their articles.
- The right to enter a separate article, or for a non-exclusive distribution of their article with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal of Sebha University.
Privacy Statement The names and e-mail addresses entered on the Sabha University Journal site will be used for the aforementioned purposes only and for which they were used.