Prevalence of Entamoeba Histolytica/Dispar Among Children in Adri Al-Shati, Libya, and Its Relationship with Parents' Educational Level
Article Sidebar
-
Children, Partent's Education Level, Adri-Al-Shati, Libya, Prevalence, Entamoeba Histolytica/Dispar
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar among children in the municipality of Adri-al-Shati and its relationship to the educational level of the parents. A total of 300 stool samples were collected from children during the period from March 2019 to December 2019. The samples were examined using the direct examination method and formalin and ether concentration method. The results showed that the overall prevalence of the parasite was 27.6%. The infection rate was 41.6% in males and 17.7% in females, and the results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between the genders (X² = 20,788; P < 0.001). The prevalence was higher in the age group 1-4 years (34.2%), followed by the age group 9-12 years (23.9%), though there were no significant differences between age groups (X2=4.107; P=0.128). A high infection rate (40.0%) was recorded among children of parents with primary education compared to children (8.5%) whose parents had a high education level. There were significant differences among children according to the educational level of their fathers (X² = 35.037; P < 0.001). The results showed that the highest rate of infection was reported among children of mothers with a primary educational level (59.6%), while the lowest infection rate (10.6%) was recorded among children of mothers with a high educational level. The statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences between children in the rate of infection according to the educational level of their mothers (X² = 33.883; P < 0.001).
Full text article
References
[1]-Vanttal, S.J., Stark, D.J., Fotedar, R., Merriot, D., Ellis, J.T. and Haskness, J. L. (2007). Amoebiasis current status in Australia. Med. J. Aust. 186:412-416.
[2]-Choudhuri, G. and Rangan, M. (2012). Amoebic infection in humans. Indian J.Gastroenterol.31: 153-162.
[3]-World Health Organization (1997). World Health Organization-Pan American Health Organization/UNESCO report of consultation of experts on amoebiasis. Wkly. Epidemol. Res. 72: 97-10.
[4]-Solaymani, S., Rezaian, M., Babaei, Z., Rajabpour, A., Meamar, A. R., Pourbabai, A. A. and Petri,W. A.(2006). Comparison of a stool antigen detection Kit and PCR for diagnosis of Entamoeba histolyticaand Entamoeba disparInfections in asymptomatic cyst passers in Iranian. J. Clin. Microbial. 44( 6 ): 2258–2261.
[5]-Haque, R., Mondal, D., Duggal, P., Kabir, M. and Roy, S. (2006). Entamoeba histolyticainfection in children and protection from subsequent amoebiasis. Infect. Immun. 74: 904-909.
[6]-Tengku, SA and Norhayati, M (2011). Public health and clinical importance of amoebiasis in Malaysia: a review. Trop. Biomed. 28: 194-222.
[7]-Alalew, A; Debebe, T and Worku, A (2011). Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasites among Delgi School Children, NorthGoondar, Ethiopia. J. Parasitol Vector. Biol. 3:75-81.
[8]-Mulatu, G., Zeynudin, A., Zemene, E., Debalke, S. and Beyene, G. (2015). Intestinal parasitic infections among children under five years of age presenting with diarrheal disease to two public health facilities in Hawassa, South Ethiopia. Infect. Dis. Pov. 4: 49-57.
[9]-Chacín-Bonilla L. (2013). An update on amebiasis. Rev Med Chil, 141:609-15.
[10]-Benetton, M. L., Goncalves, A. V., Meneghini, M. E., Silva, E. E. and Carnerio, M. (2005). Risk factors for infectionby the E.histolytica/disparcomplex: An epidemiological study conducted in outpatient clinics in the city of Mananus, Amazon Region, Brazil. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 99: 532-540.
[11]-Naelah, A. A., Mohammed, A.K.M., Rohela, M. and Yvon, L.A.L. (2011). Factors associated with high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among patients in Sana City, Yemen. PLoS One. 7: 22044.
[12]-Anuar, T. S., Al-Mekhlafi, H. M., AbdulGani, M. K., Osman, E., Yasin, A.M., Nordin, A.; Azreen, S.N., Salleh, F.M., Ghazali, N., Bernadus, M. and Mokhtar, N. (2012). Prevalence and risk factors associated with E.histolytica /dispar /moshkovskiiinfection among three Orang Asli ethnic Groups in Malaysia. PLoS. One. 7: 1-11.
[13]-Gelaw, A; Anagaw, B; Nigussie, B; Sileh, B; Yirga, A; Salem, M; Edris, M and Gelaw, B (2013). Prevalence of intestinal parasites and risk factors among children at the University of Gondar Community School, Northwest, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study. BMC Res. Notes. 13: 304-314
[14]-Tulu, B; Taye, S and Amsolu, E (2014). Prevalence and its associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among Yadot primary school children of Southeastern, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study. BMC Res. Notes. 7:2-7
[15]-Tannich, E. (2004). The laboratory diagnosis of Entamoebahistolyticainfections. J. Lab. Med. 28:491–7.
[16]-El-Boulaqi H. A., Dar F. K., and Medini M. S. (1980). Prevalence of intestinal parasites in primary school children in Benghazi City. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol. 10: 77-82.
[17]-Fatma, A. (2006). Prevalence of intestinal parasites among primary schoolchildren in Sirt, Lbya. M. Sc. Thesis, Al-Tahadi University. Sirt.
[18]-Sadaqa, G. A. and Kassem, H. H. (2007). Prevalence of intestinal parasites among primary school children in Derna District. Libya. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol. 37 (1): 205-214.
[19]-Ben-Rashed M., Abdul hassam, M., Tabit, A. and Hawas, A. (2006). Demographic features of intestinal parasitic infection among Libyan children. Jamahiriya Med. J. 6: 138-140.
[20]-Saad, G. S., Khan, A., Ajaili, A., Abdulsalam, A. M., Al-Shebani,M., Kubti, Y. (2009). Intestinal Parasites in Wadii All—Shati Region. Sebha Medical Journal. 8(1): 44-51.
[21]-ESalem, R. M. A., Gahgah, S. A. A., Ali, A. S. H. and Al Shrief, S. A. R. (2018). Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Entamoeba histolyticaInfection among Children in Sebha, Libya. Dent. Med. Res. 5:48-51.
[22]-Zaed, H. A. (2018). A Study of the prevalence of human intestinal parasites in some primary school children in Houn city, Libya. Academic Research Journal. 13: 654-679.
[23]-Margani, HM; Al-Shebani, M; Nawed Khan ;Meraj Bano and Khan, AH (2014). Detection of intestinal protozoa by using different methods. Dentistry and Med. Res.2:8-32.
[24]-EI-Ammari, N.E., Nair, G.A.. (2003): Occurrence and prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites in male and female Libyan nationals residing in Benghazi, Libya. Rev. Iber. Parasitol., 63:47-54.
[25]-Abdel-Magied, A.A. and Elahwel, A.M. (2006). Factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection among school children in Sirt, Libya. Benha. Med. J. 23: 821-32.
[26]-Alsirieti, S. R. A., Elahwel, A.M. and Elamari, A. A. (2006). Intestinal Protozoa in Libyan patients in Sirt. Jamahiriya. Med J. 6: 59-61.
[27]-Saleh M. M. (2007). Prevalence of Human intestinal parasites in Sebha City. M. Sc. Thesis, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya.
[28]-Ben Musa, N.A. and Ibrahim, R. (2007). Long term formalin preserved stool specimens for detection of intestinal parasites from school aged children in Tripoli, Libya. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 37:1049–54.
[29]-Nath, J., Ghosh, S.K., Singha, B., Paul, J. (2015). Molecular epidemiology of amoebiasis: A Cross sectional study among North East Indian Population. PLoS. Negl. Trop. Dis. 9:e0004225.
[30]-Alvarado Esquivel, C., Hernandez Tinoco, J., Sanchez Anguiano, L. F. (2015). Seroepidemiology of Entamoeba histolyticainfection in general population in rural Durango, Mexico. J. Clin. Med. Res.;7:435 9.
[31]-Curtale, F., Pezzotti, P., Sharbini, A. L., Maada, H.A., Ingrosso, P., Saad, Y. S. and Babille, M. (1998). Knowledge, perceptions and behaviour of mothers toward intestinal helminths in upper Egypt: Implications for control. Health Policy Plan 13:423-432.
[32]-Nematian, J., Nematian, E., Gholamrezanezhad, A. and Asgari, A.A. (2004). Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their relation with socio-economic factors and hygienic habits in Tehran primary school students. Acta. Trop., 3:179-186.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In a brief statement, the rights relate to the publication and distribution of research published in the journal of the University of Sebha where authors who have published their articles in the journal of the university of Sebha should how they can use or distribute their articles. They reserve all their rights to the published works, such as (but not limited to) the following rights:
- Copyright and other property rights related to the article, such as patent rights.
- Research published in the journal of the University of Sebha and used in its future works, including lectures and books, the right to reproduce articles for their own purposes, and the right to self-archive their articles.
- The right to enter a separate article, or for a non-exclusive distribution of their article with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in the journal of Sebha University.
Privacy Statement The names and e-mail addresses entered on the Sabha University Journal site will be used for the aforementioned purposes only and for which they were used.